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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
خودناتوانسازی
When presenting students with challenging materials
and tasks, teachers may want to be aware
of situations in which students expend minimal,
modest, or incomplete effort. This self-handicapping
may reflect a student’s fear of embarrassment
or failure (“If I don’t even try, people will not think
I’m dumb if I fail”).
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